How does all Delta Lake transactions handle ACID compliance?

The correct answer highlights that transactions in Delta Lake ensure ACID compliance at the level of individual tables, which is essential for maintaining data integrity and consistency. Delta Lake utilizes a mechanism called optimistic concurrency control, which helps manage changes and transactions in a way that adheres to the properties of atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability (ACID).

When a transaction is performed on a single table, Delta Lake can guarantee that either all changes are committed or none are, ensuring atomicity. The consistency is maintained because Delta Lake manages the schema evolution and data integrity checks automatically. Isolation ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other, and durability is achieved by logging transactions to maintain a reliable state in the face of failures.

While Delta Lake supports complex operations like MERGE that can involve multiple data paths and logic, the ACID properties explicitly apply to single table transactions regardless of the command used. This segregated approach allows for robust error handling and rollback capabilities, ensuring that data remains accurate and reliable when working within a single table context.

In contrast, the other options misrepresent how Delta Lake transactions function. The notion that only single table transactions are ACID compliant incorporates the necessary context for understanding how Delta Lake's architecture is designed with these principles in mind